Speaker parts

The vibration system is the key unit for the acoustic,

and it related to material, process, chemistry, structure and acoustic physics principle.

1.cone

Cone have edge and body 2 parts to assembly by glue.

Edge have cloth, foam, and rubber material.

Cone material have：1.paper, pp（ injection or vacuum），2.fiber (glass fiber, carbon fiber, and Kevlar)，3. metal (aluminum or Titanium)

If the metarial of edge and cone are different, we call it composite cone.

If they are all paper, we call it paper cone.

The main function of the composite edge is to act as a compliance element (spring) to influence several important parameters of the speaker

Commonly used materials for paper, cloth, foam, rubber, and so on.

If the paper edge is generally a full paper cone, which means low power and low price.

Cloth and foam edge’s compliance is relatively large, relatively speaking, the cloth edge is more resistant to environmental testing

Rubber edge environmental testing and linearity are very good, but expensive and more dense.

To obtain a suitable frequency response curve, we coat the composite edge with a layer of damping glue as needed.

The plastic includes: PP, PVC, PS, PF, PES and so on.

The biggest advantage of it: waterproof and moisture-proof，stable performance

The disadvantage is that: the density is larger,glue is not easy to bond.

PP cone is the most common, and polyester is what we often call MYLAR, mostly used in micro speaker design.

size：Outer diameter, middle hole, effective height, weight

edge material：All paper, rubber, cloth, foam, PU

cone body material：Paper, PP (including vacuum and injection molding), aluminum, titanium, polyester, woven

cone process： press, semi-press, nonpress

2.Damper：

To fix the voice coil in the center.

To assure the vibrate vertically.

Prevent the dust cap go inside the gap.

Affect the compliance of the whole speaker.

Meterial

1.Hapotal: low fatigue resistance, poor deformation rebound, low cost

2.cotton：medium fatigue resistance, average deformation rebound, cost mediun

3.PC/NC：high fatigue resistance, medium deformation rebound, medium cost

4.NOMEX/CONEX:highest fatigue resistance and deformation rebound, highest cost

.

A. To have a certain flexibility, it directly affects the speaker's resonant frequency (F0), depending on the shape of the damper and the hardness of the material.

B. The maximum displacement: it is related to the maximum speaker vibration amplitude, depending on the distance and shape of the outer and inner diameter of the damper.

C. Ensure the linear movement of the displacement: it shows the compliance of the damper to the driving force, limiting the range of amplitude, beyond which the amplitude slows down, depending on the material and shape.

D. To ensure the recovery of displacement.

E. To take into account reliability, practicality, light weight, moisture resistance, flame resistance, durability, folding resistance, appropriate air permeability, sealing, and minimize abnormal resonance.

3.Voice coil

Vocie coil is the heart of the speaker, most critical part. It directly affects the power and life of the speaker.

Consist：bobbin，wire and stick paper

Wire Material：Copper wire，ccaw，Aluminium：(Light, but difficult to weld)

Wire shape：round，flat

Temperature grade，（Degrees Celsius）：B grade（130°）LOCK Wire，F grade（150°）SV wire，H  grade EI wire，H+（200°+）AI wire

bobbin is the support of the voice coil, requiring light and rigid, not easily

deformed,good temperature resistance and heat loss.

4.Frame

Steel: good processing performance, high strength

need size or picture to find the OD,Height, and window design, material thickness isimportant for tool and cost.

Aluminum:light weight, the appearance of long use will not be deformed

need frame weight or the 3D drawing for frame(igs, stp format)

ABS,PC,PP+ Glassfiber: can be plywood terminal solder plate integrated injection molding.

Need weight or 3D drawing, and Temperature requirement, different plastic different temp. resistance. Normal 80 degree, with fiber 120 degree.

5.T yoke

T yoke is one of the part to consist the magnet motor, the carbon content will affect the magnetic efficiency of the motor power and no-linear distortion parameter, so the purity of the yoke material is very important for the speaker.

6.Magnet

Magnet is the main parts to supply the magnetic power

1.Neodymium  Magnet （N35/N38/N40/N35H/N38H）

• Advantage: High magnetic power with good mechanical function, small size for speaker.

2.Ferrite magnet（Y25/Y30/Y35/Y40）

•Advantage: Low cost and magnetic conduction , and can bear high temperature.

Information required for magnet quotation including height, inner diameter, and outer diameter.

8.Dust cap

A circular protective cover installed in the center of the speaker diaphragm

9.Gasket

It is a sealed buffer component installed between the metal frame (Basket) of the speaker and the edge of the cone